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  2. Gneiss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gneiss

    These rocks are largely igneous in origin, mixed with metamorphosed marble, quartzite and mica schist with later intrusions of basaltic dikes and granite magma. [21] The Morton Gneiss is an Archean-age gneiss exposed in the Minnesota River Valley of southwestern Minnesota, United States. It is thought to be the oldest intact block of ...

  3. Metamorphic rock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rock

    The rock exposed in the oldest regions of shields, which is of Archean age (over 2500 million years old), mostly belong to granite-greenstone belts. The greenstone belts contain metavolcanic and metasedimentary rock that has undergone a relatively mild grade of metamorphism, at temperatures of 350–500 °C (662–932 °F) and pressures of 200 ...

  4. List of rock types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rock_types

    Litchfieldite – A metamorphosed nepheline syenite occurrence near Litchfield, Maine; Llanite – Type of mineral – A hypabyssal rhyolite with microcline and blue quartz phenocrysts from the Llano Uplift in Texas; Luxullianite – Rare type of granite; Mangerite – Plutonic intrusive igneous rock, that is essentially a hypersthene-bearing ...

  5. Basement (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basement_(geology)

    Basement rock is visible, for example, at the bottom of the Grand Canyon, consisting of 1.7- to 2-billion-year-old granite (Zoroaster Granite) and schist (Vishnu Schist). The Vishnu Schist is believed to be highly metamorphosed igneous rocks and shale , from basalt , mud and clay laid from volcanic eruptions, and the granite is the result of ...

  6. Metamorphism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphism

    In between, the metamorphosed siltstone is visible as both the dark layer (~5 cm thick) and the pale layer below it. Contact metamorphism occurs typically around intrusive igneous rocks as a result of the temperature increase caused by the intrusion of magma into cooler country rock.

  7. Metasomatism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasomatism

    Metasomatic albite + hornblende + tourmaline alteration of metamorphosed granite, Stone Mountain, Atlanta. In the igneous environment, metasomatism produces skarns, greisen, and may affect hornfels in the contact metamorphic aureole adjacent to an intrusive rock mass.

  8. Granite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granite

    Granite (/ ˈ ɡ r æ n ɪ t / GRAN-it) is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies underground. It is common in the continental crust of Earth, where it is found in igneous ...

  9. Geology of the Rocky Mountains - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_the_Rocky_Mountains

    The granitoid rocks are mainly potassic granite and were derived principally from reworked older (3.1–2.8 Ga) gneiss. [3] During the Paleoproterozoic, island-arc terrane associated with the Colorado orogeny accreted to the Wyoming Craton along the Cheyenne belt, a 500-km-wide belt of Proterozoic rocks named for Cheyenne, Wyoming.

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