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Poliomyelitis (/ ˌ p oʊ l i oʊ ˌ m aɪ ə ˈ l aɪ t ɪ s / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck stiffness, and paresthesia.
Only some infectious diseases leave behind permanent, highly visible, physical manifestation after an acute illness. Two of the most prominent were smallpox and polio—both largely conquered in ...
In extreme cases polio can cause paralysis, usually in the legs, although movement typically comes back within a few weeks or months. However, it can be life-threatening if it paralyses the ...
The virus infects the throat and intestines, and can cause flu-like symptoms. Paralysis from the polio virus is rare. This year, polio cases have been detected in New York state, London and Jerusalem.
Poliovirus is, however, strictly a human pathogen, and does not naturally infect any other species (although chimpanzees and Old World monkeys can be experimentally infected). [40] The CD155 gene appears to have been subject to positive selection. [41] The protein has several domains of which domain D1 contains the polio virus binding site.
John F. Ditunno, of the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bruce E. Becker, and Gerald J. Herbison challenged the retrospective diagnosis of GBS primarily on the basis that several of the symptoms that Goldman highlighted as atypical in polio were quite typical in adult cases identified as polio. They noted that the form ...
A few could contract meningitis if the polio virus attacks the covering of the spinal cord or brain. Polio is fatal for 2%-10% of those paralyzed or between 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 10,000 of those ...
The most prominent example of contact immunity was the oral polio vaccine (OPV). This live, attenuated polio vaccine was widely used in the US between 1960 and 1990; it continues to be used in polio eradication programs in developing countries because of its low cost and ease of administration. It is popular, in part, because it is capable of ...