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A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [2] Usually the person cannot walk. [3] A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture.
Visual impairments, glaucoma, macular degeneration and retinopathy increase the risk of falling and of hip fractures. [ 14 ] Bifocals and trifocals can increase the risk of falling as the lower portion of corrective lenses are optimized for distances approximately 18 in (46 cm), thus precluding clear vision of one's feet/floor, approximately 4. ...
Fractures are commonly obvious, since femoral fractures are often caused by high energy trauma. [1] Signs of fracture include swelling, deformity, and shortening of the leg. [2] Extensive soft-tissue injury, bleeding, and shock are common. [3] The most common symptom is severe pain, which prevents movement of the leg. [4]
Buck's traction, involving skin traction. It is widely used for femoral fractures, low back pain, acetabular fractures and hip fractures. [2] Skin traction rarely causes fracture reduction, but reduces pain and maintains the length of the bone. [2] Dunlop's traction – humeral fractures in children; Russell's traction; Halo-gravity traction
Dynamic hip screw [ citation needed ] It is the most commonly used implant for extracapsular fractures of the hip, [ 1 ] which are common in older osteoporotic patients. There are 3 components of a dynamic hip screw, including a lag screw (inserted into the neck of the femur), a sideplate and several cortical screws (fixated into the proximal ...
A hip spica cast, by contrast, is used to immobilize the trunk and one or more legs. Variants include the single hip spica, which covers the trunk and one leg down to the ankle or foot; the double hip spica, which covers the trunk and both legs; and the one-and-a-half hip spica, which encases one leg fully and the other only to above the knee.
Coxa vara is a deformity of the hip, whereby the angle between the head and the shaft of the femur is reduced to less than 120 degrees. This results in the leg being shortened and the development of a limp. It may be congenital and is commonly caused by injury, such as a fracture.
A hip spica includes the trunk of the body and one or both legs. A hip spica which covers only one leg to the ankle or foot may be referred to as a single hip spica, while one which covers both legs is called a double hip spica. A one-and-a-half hip spica encases one leg to the ankle or foot and the other to just above the knee.