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The classification of the cervical lymph nodes is generally attributed to Henri Rouvière in his 1932 publication "Anatomie des Lymphatiques de l'Homme" [6] [7] Rouviere described the cervical lymph nodes as a collar which surrounded the upper aerodigestive tract, consisting of submental, facial, submandibular, parotid, mastoid, occipital and retropharyngeal nodes, together with two chains ...
The deep cervical lymph nodes are subdivided into a superior group and an inferior group. [3] [4] Alternatively, they can be divided into deep anterior cervical lymph nodes and deep lateral cervical lymph nodes. [citation needed] They can also be divided into three groups: "superior deep jugular", "middle deep jugular", and "inferior deep ...
Submandibular lymph nodes; Submental lymph nodes; Superficial anterior cervical lymph nodes; Superficial cervical lymph nodes; Superficial lateral cervical lymph nodes; Superficial parotid lymph nodes; Superior deep cervical lymph nodes; Supraclavicular lymph nodes
The occipital lymph nodes, one to three in number, are located on the back of the head close to the margin of the trapezius and resting on the insertion of the semispinalis capitis. Their afferent vessels drain the occipital region of the scalp , while their efferents pass to the superior deep cervical glands .
The superficial cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes that lie near the surface of the neck.. Some sources state simply that they lie along the external jugular vein, [1] while other sources state that they are only adjacent to the external jugular vein in the posterior triangle, and they are adjacent to the anterior jugular vein in the anterior triangle.
The most common causes of enlargement of the submandibular lymph nodes are infections of the head, neck, ears, eyes, nasal sinuses, pharynx, and scalp. [1] The lymph glands may be affected by metastatic spread of cancers of the oral cavity, anterior portion of the nasal cavity, soft tissues of the mid-face, and submandibular salivary gland. [1]
Lymph nodes may become enlarged in malignant disease. This cervical lymphadenopathy may be reactive or metastatic. [1] Alternatively, enlarged lymph nodes may represent a primary malignancy of the lymphatic system itself, such as lymphoma (both Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's), [6] lymphocytic leukemia, [1] Lymphadenopathy that lasts less than two weeks or more than one year with no progressive ...
The inferior deep cervical lymph nodes are one of the two groups of the deep cervical lymph nodes (the other being the superior deep cervical lymph nodes). [ 1 ] They are situated partial deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle .