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Comparison of SWG (red), AWG (blue) and IEC 60228 (black) wire gauge sizes from 0.03 to 200 mm² to scale on a 1 mm grid – in the SVG file, hover over a size to highlight it. In engineering applications, it is often most convenient to describe a wire in terms of its cross-section area, rather than its diameter, because the cross section is directly proportional to its strength and weight ...
For example, the United States National Electrical Code, Table 310.15(B)(16), specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30 °C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75 °C. A single insulated conductor ...
Sometime around 1913 several copper samples from 14 important refiners and wire manufacturers were analyzed by the U.S. Bureau of Standards. The average resistance of the samples was determined to be 0.15292 Ω for copper wires with a mass of 1 gram of uniform cross section and 1 meter in length at 20 °C. In the United States this is usually ...
The following are nominal current ratings for copper conductors; long runs may require thicker wires to minimize voltage drop. White: 14 AWG wire (2.08 mm 2) for 15-amp circuits Yellow: 12 AWG wire (3.31 mm 2) for 20-amp circuits Orange: 10 AWG wire (5.26 mm 2) for 30-amp circuits
IEC 60055 Paper-insulated metal-sheathed cables for rated voltages up to 18/30 kV (with copper or aluminium conductors and excluding gas-pressure and oil-filled cables) IEC 60059 IEC standard current ratings; IEC 60060 High-voltage test techniques; IEC 60061 Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of interchangeability and safety
Stranded wires are calculated by calculating the equivalent cross sectional copper area. Fusing current (melting wire) is estimated based on 25 °C (77 °F) ambient temperature. The table below assumes DC, or AC frequencies equal to or less than 60 Hz, and does not take skin effect into account.
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Copper wires Copper cable Coaxial cable made from copper Copper has been used in electrical wiring since the invention of the electromagnet and the telegraph in the 1820s. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The invention of the telephone in 1876 created further demand for copper wire as an electrical conductor.