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Lion fossils were excavated in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, France, United Kingdom, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Russia. [14] [26] [27] [28] Panthera fossilis later evolved in to the cave lion (Panthera spelaea), which is known from fossils across Europe during the Late Pleistocene. [5]
This cat entered Eurasia about 780,000–700,000 years ago and gave rise to several lion-like forms. The first fossils that can be definitively classified as P. fossilis date to circa 660,000–612,000 years ago. [3] Possibly earlier records of P. fossilis. are known from the late Early Pleistocene (over 780,000 years ago) of Western Siberia. [10]
The oldest widely accepted fossils of P. fossilis in Europe date to around 700,000 years ago, such as that from Pakefield in England, [20] [21] [3] [22] with possible older fossils from Western Siberia dating to the late Early Pleistocene, [23] with a 2024 study suggesting a presence in Spain by 1 million years ago. [24]
Skull with a hole determined to have been caused by a lion bite Fossils of European Ice Age leopards in Europe are sometimes found in caves, where they apparently sought shelter or hid their prey. They generally preferred smaller caves, most likely because larger caves were usually occupied by larger predators such as cave bears , cave lions ...
Panthera gombaszoegensis, also known as the European jaguar, is a Panthera species that lived from about 2.0 to 0.35 million years ago in Europe, as well as likely elsewhere in Eurasia. [1] The first fossils were excavated in 1938 in Gombasek Cave, Slovakia. [2]
In 370 CE the Greco-Roman orator Themistius mentioned that lions had disappeared from Thessaly, their last Balkan stronghold. [C] Lions were also hunted historically across Transcaucasia, and were reportedly common in the ungulate-rich Kura-Araz and Mughan plains, up to the Absheron Peninsula, until 900 CE. [26] European leopards
The American lion has been extinct for approximately 11,000 years. The fossil is a rare find in Mississippi. The American lion has been extinct for approximately 11,000 years.
It was originally interpreted as a leopard fossil, and given the name Panthera pardus tautavelensis in the Program/Guide book for 16th International Cave Bear and Lion Symposium; however, this name, since it was not formally published in a scientific journal, is considered a nomen nudum. [1] [2]