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The aura phase of migraine can occur with or without a headache. Ocular or retinal migraines happen in the eye, so only affect the vision in that eye, while visual migraines occur in the brain, so affect the vision in both eyes together. Visual migraines result from cortical spreading depression and are also commonly termed scintillating scotoma.
Woman with a headache right behind her eye. Neurologists call headaches behind the eyes "retro-orbital headaches," which means "behind the eyeball socket." The rest of us call them "hell."
Cluster headache is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye(s). [1] There is often accompanying eye watering, nasal congestion , or swelling around the eye on the affected side. [ 1 ]
cluster headaches: short episodes (15–180 minutes) of severe pain, usually around one eye, with autonomic symptoms (tearing, red eye, nasal congestion) which occur at the same time every day. Cluster headaches can be treated with triptans and prevented with prednisone, ergotamine or lithium.
Migraines, in turn, may be caused by genetic influences and hormones. People with migraines often self-report triggers for migraines involving stress or foods, [ 9 ] or bright lights. [ 10 ] While monosodium glutamate (MSG) is frequently reported as a dietary trigger, [ 11 ] other scientific studies do not support this claim.
Needle-in-the-eye syndrome, sharp short-lived head pain, [1] jabs and jolts syndrome [2] Ophthalmodynia periodica , also known as " ice-pick headache ", is a primary headache disorder , so it is not caused by any other conditions.
Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH) is a severe debilitating unilateral headache usually affecting the area around the eye. It normally consists of multiple severe, yet short, headache attacks affecting only one side of the cranium. Retrospective surveys indicated that paroxysmal hemicrania was more common in women.
Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia (TAC) refers to a group of primary headaches that occurs with pain on one side of the head in the trigeminal nerve area and symptoms in autonomic systems on the same side, such as eye watering and redness or drooping eyelids. [1] [2]