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Ground substance is an amorphous gel-like substance in the extracellular space of animals that contains all components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) except for fibrous materials such as collagen and elastin. [1] Ground substance is active in the development, movement, and proliferation of tissues, as well as their metabolism.
Donnan equilibrium across a cell membrane (schematic). The Gibbs–Donnan effect (also known as the Donnan's effect, Donnan law, Donnan equilibrium, or Gibbs–Donnan equilibrium) is a name for the behaviour of charged particles near a semi-permeable membrane that sometimes fail to distribute evenly across the two sides of the membrane. [1]
Field effect on a carbonyl arising from the formal charge on N in a quaternary ammonium salt. A field effect is the polarization of a molecule through space. The effect is a result of an electric field produced by charge localization in a molecule. [1]
Lee–Boot effect (biology) (reproduction) Legalized abortion and crime effect (abortion debate) (criminology) Leidenfrost effect (physical phenomena) Lenard effect (physics) Lense–Thirring effect (effects of gravitation) (tests of general relativity) Leveling effect (chemistry)
Ground effect may refer to: Ground effect (aerodynamics), the increased lift and decreased aerodynamic drag of a wing close to a fixed surface; Ground effect (cars), an effect that creates downforce, primarily in racing cars; Ground-effect vehicle, a vehicle which attains level flight near the surface of the Earth due to ground effect
The ground state of a quantum-mechanical system is its stationary state of lowest energy; the energy of the ground state is known as the zero-point energy of the system. An excited state is any state with energy greater than the ground state. In quantum field theory, the ground state is usually called the vacuum state or the vacuum.
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
Chemical potentials are important in many aspects of multi-phase equilibrium chemistry, including melting, boiling, evaporation, solubility, osmosis, partition coefficient, liquid-liquid extraction and chromatography. In each case the chemical potential of a given species at equilibrium is the same in all phases of the system.