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Valine ball and stick model spinning. Valine (symbol Val or V) [4] is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH 3 + form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form under biological conditions), and a side chain isopropyl group, making it a non-polar ...
In animal tissue, BCKDC catalyzes an irreversible step [2] in the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acids L-isoleucine, L-valine, and L-leucine, acting on their deaminated derivatives (L-alpha-keto-beta-methylvalerate, alpha-ketoisovalerate, and alpha-ketoisocaproate, respectively) and converting them [3] to α-Methylbutyryl-CoA, Isobutyryl-CoA and Isovaleryl-CoA respectively.
Hypervalinemia is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder in which urinary and serum levels of the branched-chain amino acid valine are elevated, without related elevation of the branched-chain amino acids leucine and isoleucine. [2] [3] It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme valine transaminase. [4]
A branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) is an amino acid having an aliphatic side-chain with a branch (a central carbon atom bound to three or more carbon atoms). Among the proteinogenic amino acids, there are three BCAAs: leucine, isoleucine, and valine. [1]
A tetrapeptide (example: Val-Gly-Ser-Ala) with green highlighted N-terminal α-amino acid (example: L-valine) and blue marked C-terminal α-amino acid (example: L-alanine). The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus , carboxy-terminus , C-terminal tail , carboxy tail , C-terminal end , or COOH-terminus ) is the end of an amino acid ...
The essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine (i.e. H, I, L, K, M, F, T, W, V). [3] The proteinogenic amino acids have been found to be related to the set of amino acids that can be recognized by ribozyme autoaminoacylation systems. [4]
One example of the Strecker synthesis is a multikilogram scale synthesis of an L-valine derivative starting from Methyl isopropyl ketone: [5] (CH 3) 2 CHC(O)CH 3 + HCN + NH 3 → (CH 3) 2 CHC(CN)(NH 2)CH 3 + H 2 O. The initial reaction product of 3-methyl-2butanone with sodium cyanide and ammonia is resolved by application of L-tartaric acid ...
green marked amino end (L-Valine) and blue marked carboxyl end (L-Alanine) A tripeptide is a peptide derived from three amino acids joined by two or sometimes three peptide bonds. [1] As for proteins, the function of peptides is determined by the constituent amino acids and their sequence.
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