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  2. Is functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is_functions

    The validation functions allow one to test whether a conversion would fail, and change the program's flow of control in an if statement.) True indicates that conversion would be possible, False indicates that it would not be. Similarly the type checking functions return a Boolean recording whether the argument expression is of a particular type.

  3. Null coalescing operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_coalescing_operator

    The null coalescing operator is a binary operator that is part of the syntax for a basic conditional expression in several programming languages, such as (in alphabetical order): C# [1] since version 2.0, [2] Dart [3] since version 1.12.0, [4] PHP since version 7.0.0, [5] Perl since version 5.10 as logical defined-or, [6] PowerShell since 7.0.0, [7] and Swift [8] as nil-coalescing operator.

  4. Access control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_control

    Common physical security access control with a finger print A sailor checks an identification card (ID) before allowing a vehicle to enter a military installation.. In physical security and information security, access control (AC) is the selective restriction of access to a place or other resource, while access management describes the process.

  5. XACML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XACML

    The eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) is an XML-based standard markup language for specifying access control policies. The standard, published by OASIS, defines a declarative fine-grained, attribute-based access control policy language, an architecture, and a processing model describing how to evaluate access requests according to the rules defined in policies.

  6. Access-control list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access-control_list

    In computer security, an access-control list (ACL) is a list of permissions [a] associated with a system resource (object or facility). An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resources, as well as what operations are allowed on given resources. [1] Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject and an operation.

  7. Attribute-based access control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attribute-based_access_control

    Attribute-based access control (ABAC), also known as policy-based access control for IAM, defines an access control paradigm whereby a subject's authorization to perform a set of operations is determined by evaluating attributes associated with the subject, object, requested operations, and, in some cases, environment attributes.

  8. Organisation-based access control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation-based_access...

    In computer security, organization-based access control (OrBAC) is an access control model first presented in 2003. The current approaches of the access control rest on the three entities ( subject , action , object ) to control the access the policy specifies that some subject has the permission to realize some action on some object.

  9. Computer access control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_access_control

    In computer security, general access control includes identification, authorization, authentication, access approval, and audit.A more narrow definition of access control would cover only access approval, whereby the system makes a decision to grant or reject an access request from an already authenticated subject, based on what the subject is authorized to access.