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Porpoising, also known as running, [11] is a high speed surface behaviour of small cetaceans where long jumps are alternated with swimming close to the surface. Despite the name, porpoising behaviour is seen in dolphins and porpoises, as well as other marine species such as penguins [12] and pinnipeds. [13]
Porpoises (/ ˈ p ɔː r p ə s ɪ z /) are small dolphin-like cetaceans classified under the family Phocoenidae.Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals and belugas than to the true dolphins. [1]
Killer whale porpoising. Larger whales are also thought to engage in play. The southern right whale elevates its tail fluke above the water, remaining in the same position for a considerable time. This is known as "sailing". It appears to be a form of play and is most commonly seen off the coast of Argentina and South Africa. [62]
"Porpoising" is a term commonly used to describe a particular fault encountered in ground-effect racing cars. Racing cars had only been using their bodywork to generate downforce for just over a decade when Colin Chapman 's Lotus 78 and 79 cars demonstrated that ground effect was the future in Formula One, so, at this point, under-car ...
Porpoising is high-speed swimming close to water surface with many leaving and re-entering the water nose-first. Dolphin, Penguin, and Seal porpoise in the wild. Dolphin saves energy at high speed porpoising. [7] [8] Penguin porpoises in group for long-distance traveling. [9] Seal porpoises as group play [10]
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Porpoising (seen in cetaceans, penguins, and pinnipeds) may save energy if they are moving fast. Since drag increases with speed, the work required to swim unit distance is greater at higher speeds, but the work needed to jump unit distance is independent of speed.
An orca leaps out of the water when swimming—a behaviour known as porpoising—in Hood Canal. Orcas are found in all oceans and most seas. Due to their enormous range, numbers, and density, relative distribution is difficult to estimate, [51] but they clearly prefer higher latitudes and coastal areas over pelagic environments. [52]