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National accounts or national account systems ( NAS) are the implementation of complete and consistent accounting techniques for measuring the economic activity of a nation. These include detailed underlying measures that rely on double-entry accounting. By design, such accounting makes the totals on both sides of an account equal even though ...
Business process management ( BPM) is the discipline in which people use various methods to discover, model, analyze, measure, improve, optimize, and automate business processes. [ 1][ 2] Any combination of methods used to manage a company's business processes is BPM. [ 3] Processes can be structured and repeatable or unstructured and variable.
Machine industry. Lean manufacturing is a method of manufacturing goods aimed primarily at reducing times within the production system as well as response times from suppliers and customers. It is closely related to another concept called just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing in short).
v. t. e. In microeconomics, economies of scale are the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, and are typically measured by the amount of output produced per unit of time. A decrease in cost per unit of output enables an increase in scale that is, increased production with lowered cost. [ 1]
Abstraction. Abstraction is a process wherein general rules and concepts are derived from the usage and classification of specific examples, literal ( real or concrete) signifiers, first principles, or other methods. "An abstraction" is the outcome of this process—a concept that acts as a common noun for all subordinate concepts and connects ...
A bill of materials or product structure (sometimes bill of material, BOM or associated list) is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product. A BOM may be used for communication between manufacturing partners or confined to a single ...
Social accounting matrix. A social accounting matrix ( SAM) represents flows of all economic transactions that take place within an economy (regional or national). It is at the core, a matrix representation of the national accounts for a given country, but can be extended to include non-national accounting flows, and created for whole regions ...
Managerial economics. Managerial economics is a branch of economics involving the application of economic methods in the organizational decision-making process. [ 1] Economics is the study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Managerial economics involves the use of economic theories and principles to make ...