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Partial fraction decomposition. In algebra, the partial fraction decomposition or partial fraction expansion of a rational fraction (that is, a fraction such that the numerator and the denominator are both polynomials) is an operation that consists of expressing the fraction as a sum of a polynomial (possibly zero) and one or several fractions ...
The gamma function is an important special function in mathematics. Its particular values can be expressed in closed form for integer and half-integer arguments, but no simple expressions are known for the values at rational points in general. Other fractional arguments can be approximated through efficient infinite products, infinite series ...
In numerical linear algebra, the Gauss–Seidel method, also known as the Liebmann method or the method of successive displacement, is an iterative method used to solve a system of linear equations. It is named after the German mathematicians Carl Friedrich Gauss and Philipp Ludwig von Seidel. Though it can be applied to any matrix with non ...
List of Runge–Kutta methods. Runge–Kutta methods are methods for the numerical solution of the ordinary differential equation. Explicit Runge–Kutta methods take the form. Stages for implicit methods of s stages take the more general form, with the solution to be found over all s. Each method listed on this page is defined by its Butcher ...
The Rogers–Ramanujan continued fraction is a continued fraction discovered by Rogers (1894) and independently by Srinivasa Ramanujan, and closely related to the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. It can be evaluated explicitly for a broad class of values of its argument. Domain coloring representation of the convergent of the function , where is ...
For instance, the first counterexample must be odd because f(2n) = n, smaller than 2n; and it must be 3 mod 4 because f 2 (4n + 1) = 3n + 1, smaller than 4n + 1. For each starting value a which is not a counterexample to the Collatz conjecture, there is a k for which such an inequality holds, so checking the Collatz conjecture for one starting ...
This shows again that any rational root of P is positive, and the only remaining candidates are 2 and 2\3. To show thet 2 is not a root, is suffices to remark that is x = 2 , {\displaystyle x=2,} then 3 x 2 {\displaystyle 3x^{2}} and 5 x − 2 {\displaystyle 5x-2} are nultiples of 8 , while − r x 2 {\displaystyle -rx^{2}} is not.
An illustration of Newton's method. In numerical analysis, Newton's method, also known as the Newton–Raphson method, named after Isaac Newton and Joseph Raphson, is a root-finding algorithm which produces successively better approximations to the roots (or zeroes) of a real -valued function. The most basic version starts with a real-valued ...