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The phrase "linear equation" takes its origin in this correspondence between lines and equations: a linear equation in two variables is an equation whose solutions form a line. If b ≠ 0, the line is the graph of the function of x that has been defined in the preceding section. If b = 0, the line is a vertical line (that is a line parallel to ...
Catenary. A chain hanging from points forms a catenary. Freely-hanging overhead power lines also form a catenary (most prominently visible with high-voltage lines, and with some imperfection near to the insulators ). The silk on a spider's web forming multiple elastic catenaries. In physics and geometry, a catenary ( US: / ˈkætənɛri / KAT ...
Using this form, vertical lines correspond to equations with b = 0. One can further suppose either c = 1 or c = 0, by dividing everything by c if it is not zero. There are many variant ways to write the equation of a line which can all be converted from one to another by algebraic manipulation. The above form is sometimes called the standard form.
The equation of a line can be given in vector form: = + Here a is the position of a point on the line, and n is a unit vector in the direction of the line. Then as scalar t varies, x gives the locus of the line. The distance of an arbitrary point p to this line is given by
For the parabola, the standard form has the focus on the x-axis at the point (a, 0) and the directrix the line with equation x = −a. In standard form the parabola will always pass through the origin. For a rectangular or equilateral hyperbola, one whose asymptotes are perpendicular, there is an alternative standard form in which the ...
Wave equation. The wave equation is a second-order linear partial differential equation for the description of waves or standing wave fields such as mechanical waves (e.g. water waves, sound waves and seismic waves) or electromagnetic waves (including light waves). It arises in fields like acoustics, electromagnetism, and fluid dynamics.
The simplified form of Bernoulli's equation can be summarized in the following memorable word equation: [1]: § 3.5 static pressure + dynamic pressure = total pressure Every point in a steadily flowing fluid, regardless of the fluid speed at that point, has its own unique static pressure p and dynamic pressure q .
Ellipsoid. An ellipsoid is a surface that can be obtained from a sphere by deforming it by means of directional scalings, or more generally, of an affine transformation . An ellipsoid is a quadric surface ; that is, a surface that may be defined as the zero set of a polynomial of degree two in three variables.