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A use of force continuum is a standard that provides law enforcement officers and civilians with guidelines as to how much force may be used against a resisting subject in a given situation. In some ways, it is similar to the U.S. military 's escalation of force (EOF). The purpose of these models is to clarify, both for law enforcement officers ...
In a notable study of power conducted by social psychologists John R. P. French and Bertram Raven in 1959, power is divided into five separate and distinct forms. [1][2] They identified those five bases of power as coercive, reward, legitimate, referent, and expert. This was followed by Raven's subsequent addition in 1965 of a sixth separate ...
A Likert scale (/ ˈlɪkərt / LIK-ərt, [1][note 1]) is a psychometric scale named after its inventor, American social psychologist Rensis Likert, [2] which is commonly used in research questionnaires. It is the most widely used approach to scaling responses in survey research, such that the term (or more fully the Likert-type scale) is often ...
t. e. Social dominance orientation (SDO) [1] is a personality trait measuring an individual's support for social hierarchy and the extent to which they desire their in-group be superior to out-groups. [2] SDO is conceptualized under social dominance theory as a measure of individual differences in levels of group-based discrimination; that is ...
t. e. In political science, power is the social production of an effect that determines the capacities, actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors. [ 1 ] Power does not exclusively refer to the threat or use of force (coercion) by one actor against another, but may also be exerted through diffuse means (such as institutions).
Structuration theory. The theory of structuration is a social theory of the creation and reproduction of social systems that is based on the analysis of both structure and agents (see structure and agency), without giving primacy to either. Furthermore, in structuration theory, neither micro - nor macro-focused analysis alone is sufficient.
These tensions were a source of their strength according to Parsons rather than the opposite. Parsons never thought about system-institutionalization and the level of strains (tensions, conflict) in the system as opposite forces per se. [citation needed] The key processes for Parsons for system reproduction are socialization and social control ...
In political philosophy, a monopoly on violence or monopoly on the legal use of force is the property of a polity that is the only entity in its jurisdiction to legitimately use force, and thus the supreme authority of that area. While the monopoly on violence as the defining conception of the state was first described in sociology by Max Weber ...