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Membrane transport protein. A membrane transport protein is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules, such as another protein, across a biological membrane. Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins; that is they exist permanently within and span the membrane across which they ...
In cellular biology, active is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration —against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport that uses ...
In contrast, paracellular transport is the transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through an intercellular space between the cells. 1. It differs from transcellular transport, where the substances travel through the cell passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane. 2. Renal physiology.
Plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a transport protein in the plasma membrane of cells that serves to remove calcium (Ca 2+) from the cell. It is vital for regulating the amount of Ca 2+ within cells. [3] In fact, the PMCA is involved in removing Ca 2+ from all eukaryotic cells. [4] There is a very large transmembrane electrochemical ...
An efflux pump is an active transporter in cells that moves out unwanted material. Efflux pumps are an important component in bacteria in their ability to remove antibiotics. [1] The efflux could also be the movement of heavy metals, organic pollutants, plant-produced compounds, quorum sensing signals, bacterial metabolites and ...
Translocase. Translocase is a general term for a protein that assists in moving another molecule, usually across a cell membrane. These enzymes catalyze the movement of ions or molecules across membranes or their separation within membranes.
Where the hydrolysis of the energy provider is indirect as is the case in secondary active transport, use is made of the energy stored in an electrochemical gradient. For example, in co-transport use is made of the gradients of certain solutes to transport a target compound against its gradient, causing the dissipation of the solute gradient ...
Exocytosis (/ ˌɛksoʊsaɪˈtoʊsɪs / [1][2]) is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo- + cytosis). As an active transport mechanism, exocytosis requires the use of energy to transport material. Exocytosis and its counterpart, endocytosis ...
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