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Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging techniques) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound. In diagnosis, it is used to create an image of internal body structures such as tendons, muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, to measure some characteristics (e.g., distances and velocities) or to generate an informative audible sound.
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. [edit on Wikidata] Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a technology that can be used for therapeutic purposes. It exploits low intensity and pulsed mechanical waves in order to induce regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects on biological tissues, such as bone, [1] cartilage, and tendon. [2]
The ultrasound within tissue consists of very high frequency sound waves, between 800,000 Hz and 20,000,000 Hz, which cannot be heard by humans. There is some evidence that ultrasound is more effective than placebo treatment for treating patients with arthritis pain, [3] a range of musculoskeletal injuries [4] and for promoting tissue healing. [5]
Time gain compensation (TGC) is a setting applied in diagnostic ultrasound imaging to account for tissue attenuation. [1] By increasing the received signal intensity with depth, the artifacts in the uniformity of a B-mode image intensity are reduced. This means that a TGC module will increase the amount of gain given to an input signal, as its ...
The body is 73% water, and therefore, acoustically homogeneous. Blood and surrounding tissues have similar echogenicities, so it is also difficult to clearly discern the degree of blood flow, perfusion, or the interface between the tissue and blood using traditional ultrasound. [4] Ultrasound imaging allows real-time evaluation of blood flow. [29]
Ultrasound-switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging is a deep optics imaging technique. In last few decades, fluorescence microscopy has been highly developed to image biological samples and live tissues. However, due to light scattering, fluorescence microscopy is limited to shallow tissues (about 1 mm). [1] Since fluorescence is characterized by ...
Either way, HIFU is used to non-invasively heat tissue deep in the body without the need for an incision. [4] The main applications are the destruction of tissue caused by hypertharmia, increasing perfusion and physical therapy. The use of ultrasound in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions is another use in the physiotherapy setting. [5]
In 1899 Austrian chemist von Zaynek determined the rate of heat production in tissue as a function of frequency and current density, and first proposed using high-frequency currents for deep heating therapy. [2] In 1908 German physician Karl Franz Nagelschmidt coined the term diathermy, and performed the first extensive experiments on patients. [3]