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Laws of thermodynamics, four relations underlying thermodynamics, the branch of physics concerning heat, work, temperature, and energy and the transfer of such energy. The first and second laws were formally stated in works by German physicist Rudolf Clausius and Scottish physicist William Thomson.
The laws of thermodynamics are a set of scientific laws which define a group of physical quantities, such as temperature, energy, and entropy, that characterize thermodynamic systems in thermodynamic equilibrium.
The laws of thermodynamics describe the relationship between matter and energy and how they relate to temperature and entropy. Many texts list the three laws of thermodynamics, but really there are four laws (although the 4th law is called the zeroeth law).
Thermodynamics is the study of the relations between heat, work, temperature, and energy. The laws of thermodynamics describe how the energy in a system changes and whether the system can perform useful work on its surroundings.
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy can be converted from one form to another with the interaction of heat, work and internal energy, but it cannot be created nor destroyed, under any circumstances.
First law of thermodynamics, thermodynamic relation stating that, within an isolated system, the total energy of the system is constant, even if energy has been converted from one form to another. This law is another way of stating the law of conservation of energy.
The first law of thermodynamics is given as \(\Delta U = Q - W\), where \(\Delta U\) is the change in internal energy of a system, \(Q\) is the net heat transfer (the sum of all heat transfer into and out of the system), and \(W\) is the net work done (the sum of all work done on or by the system).
There are four laws of thermodynamics and are given below: Zeroth law of thermodynamics; First law of thermodynamics; Second law of thermodynamics; Third law of thermodynamics; In the next few sections, we will discuss each of the laws of thermodynamics in detail.
The first law is more useful if we permit some contact with the outside world. The change in the internal energy of a system is equal to the heat supplied to the system plus the work done on the system. This can be expressed mathematically as. (22) # Δ U = Q + W. where Δ U is the change in internal energy, Q is the heat supplied to the system ...
A description of any thermodynamic system employs the four laws of thermodynamics that form an axiomatic basis. The first law specifies that energy can be transferred between physical systems as heat, as work, and with transfer of matter. [5]