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Cataract surgery is the most common application of lens removal surgery, and is usually associated with lens replacement. It is used to remove the natural lens of the eye when it has developed a cataract, a cloudy area in the lens that causes visual impairment. [ 4][ 10] Cataracts usually develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes. [ 4]
In 1753, Samuel Sharp performed the first-recorded surgical removal of the entire lens and lens capsule, equivalent to what became known as intracapsular cataract extraction. The lens was removed from the eye through a limbal incision. [ 1] At the beginning of the 20th century, the standard surgical procedure was intracapsular cataract ...
Manual small incision cataract surgery. Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is an evolution of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE); the lens is removed from the eye through a self-sealing scleral tunnel wound. A well-constructed scleral tunnel is held closed by internal pressure, is watertight, and does not require suturing.
Cataracts cause 51% of all cases of blindnessand 33% of visual impairmentworldwide. [3][9] Cataracts are most commonly due to agingbut may also occur due to traumaor radiation exposure, be present from birth, or occur following eye surgery for other problems. [1][4]Risk factors include diabetes, longstanding use of corticosteroidmedication ...
Contact lenses. to correct refractive errors of the eye; a little invasive. Phoropter. used in refraction testing. Tonometers. used to determine the intraoccular pressure (IOP) - useful in glaucoma; video link for various types of tonometers. Speculum: to keep the eyes open during any operation. Universal eye speculum.
Couching (ophthalmology) "Couching for cataract"; Wellcome Collection illustration of Indian doctors performing the technique. Couching is the earliest documented form of cataract surgery. It involves dislodging the lens of the eye, thus removing the cloudiness caused by the cataract. Couching was a precursor to modern cataract surgery and pars ...
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