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c. ^ "Europe" as defined by the International Monetary Fund. Europe is a continent [t] located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east.
In terms of shape, Europe is a collection of connected peninsulas and nearby islands. The two largest peninsulas are Europe itself and Scandinavia to the north, divided from each other by the Baltic Sea. Three smaller peninsulas— Iberia, Italy, and the Balkans —emerge from the southern margin of the mainland.
[14] 44 countries have their capital city located within Europe, and (as of 2022) 27 of those countries are member states of the European Union, which means that they are highly integrated with one another and share their sovereignty through EU institutions. Each entry in the list below has a map of its location in Europe.
Below is a list of European countries and dependencies by area in Europe. [1] As a continent , Europe's total geographical area is about 10 million square kilometres. [ 2 ] Transcontinental countries are ranked according to the size of their European part only, excluding Greece due to the not clearly defined boundaries of its islands between ...
Founding members and enlargement. NATO was established on 4 April 1949 via the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty (Washington Treaty). The 12 founding members of the Alliance were: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. [ 4]
This list of European countries by population comprises the 51 countries and 5 territories and dependencies in Europe, broadly defined, including Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Turkey, and the countries of the Caucasus . The most populous European country is Russia, with a population of over 144 million. Turkey, with a population of about 85 million ...
List of European countries. Coats of arms of Europe. Flags of Europe. List of European countries by GDP PPP. List of European countries by population. European microstates. Monarchies in Europe.
Europe, the westernmost portion of Eurasia, is often divided into regions and subregions based on geographical, cultural or historical factors.Since there is no universal agreement on Europe's regional composition, the placement of individual countries may vary based on criteria being used.