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Vasculitis [3] Alpidem (Ananxyl) 1995. Worldwide. Not approved in the US, withdrawn in France in 1994 [4] and the rest of the market in 1995 because of rare but serious hepatotoxicity. [3][5] Alosetron (Lotronex) 2000. US. Serious gastrointestinal adverse events; ischemic colitis; severe constipation. [2]
Severe side effects may include psychosis, suicide, and allergic reactions such as Stevens–Johnson syndrome or anaphylaxis. [7] Levetiracetam is the S-enantiomer of etiracetam. [8] Its mechanism of action is not yet clear. [7] Levetiracetam was approved for medical use in the United States in 1999 [7] and is available as a generic medication. [9]
t. e. Drug tolerance or drug insensitivity is a pharmacological concept describing subjects' reduced reaction to a drug following its repeated use. Increasing its dosage may re-amplify the drug's effects; however, this may accelerate tolerance, further reducing the drug's effects. Drug tolerance is indicative of drug use but is not necessarily ...
Some side effects, such as weight gain, occur more frequently with certain types of antidepressant medication. Switching to a new type of antidepressant may help reverse any weight gain you’ve ...
The first pass effect (also known as first-pass metabolism or presystemic metabolism) is a phenomenon of drug metabolism at a specific location in the body which leads to a reduction in the concentration of the active drug before it reaches the site of action or systemic circulation. [1][2] The effect is most associated with orally administered ...
It may be used alone or in addition to other blood pressure medication. [4] Up to six weeks may be required for the full effects to occur. [4] Common adverse effects include muscle cramps, stuffy nose, dizziness, cough, high blood potassium, and anemia. [4] Severe adverse effects may include angioedema, low blood pressure, and kidney problems. [4]
Topiramate, sold under the brand name Topamax among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy and prevent migraines. [ 9 ] It has also been used in alcohol dependence and essential tremor. [ 9 ] For epilepsy this includes treatment for generalized or focal seizures. [ 10 ] It is taken orally (by mouth).
Budesonide. Budesonide, sold under the brand name Pulmicort, among others, is a steroid medication. [8] It is available as an inhaler, nebulization solution, pill, nasal spray, and rectal forms. [8][9] The inhaled form is used in the long-term management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [8][10][11] The nasal spray is ...