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Organs regularly transplanted include lungs, heart, cornea, pancreas, and kidneys. Modes of donation are an altruistic living donation of a non-vital organ (generally a kidney) and post-mortal organ donation (PMOD). PMOD can be subdivided into donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after circulatory determination of death (DCDD). [5]
However, a growing discrepancy between demand for organs and their availability from DBDs has led to a re-examination of using non-heart-beating donations, DCD (Donation after Circulatory Death, [3] or Donation after Cardiac Death [4]), and many centres are now using such donations to expand their potential pool of organs.
Donation after Cardiac Death (DCD) donors Although brain-dead (or 'heart beating') donors are considered medically and legally dead, the donor's heart continues to pump and maintain circulation . This makes it possible for surgeons to start operating while the organs are still being perfused (supplied blood).
Heart transplantation using donation after circulatory death (DCD) was recently adopted and can help in reducing waitlist time while increasing transplant rate. [34] Critically ill patients that are unsuitable for heart transplantation can be rescued and optimized with mechanical circulatory support, and bridged successfully to heart ...
There is a shortage of organs available for donation with many patients waiting on the transplant list for a donation match. About 20 patients die each day waiting for an organ on the transplant list. [43] When an organ donor does arise, the transplant governing bodies must determine who receives the organ.
The National Donor Monument, Naarden, the Netherlands Organ donation is the process when a person authorizes an organ of their own to be removed and transplanted to another person, legally, either by consent while the donor is alive, through a legal authorization for deceased donation made prior to death, or for deceased donations through the authorization by the legal next of kin.
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Once the OPO receives authorization for donation from the decedent's family or through first-person authorization (such as a state or national Donor Registry), it works with UNOS to identify the best candidates for the available organs, and coordinates with the surgical team for each organ recipient.