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A comedo (plural comedones) is a clogged hair follicle (pore) in the skin. [2] Keratin (skin debris) combines with oil to block the follicle. [3] A comedo can be open (blackhead) or closed by skin (whitehead) and occur with or without acne. [3]
Acne (/ˈækni/ ACK-nee), also known as acne vulgaris, is a long-term skin condition that occurs when dead skin cells and oil from the skin clog hair follicles. [10] Typical features of the condition include blackheads or whiteheads , pimples , oily skin, and possible scarring .
Acne cosmetica is a type of contact acneiform eruption caused by or aggravated by cosmetics. [1] Signs and symptoms include a dense group of similar sized closed comedones and scattered small bumps , typically over the skin where the cosmetic has been applied. [ 1 ]
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[18] [19] Acne vulgaris is the disease most commonly associated with C. acnes infection. [ citation needed ] Cutibacterium acnes is one of the most common and universal skin diseases, affecting more than 45 million individuals in the United States. 20% of all dermatologist visits are related to treating acne-related issues.
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Acne necrotica, primary lesions that are pruritic or painful erythematous follicular-based papules that develop central necrosis and crusting and heal with a varioliform scar; Acne rosacea, a red rash predominantly on the face; Acne vulgaris (common acne) Baby acne, a rash seen on the cheeks, chin, and forehead of infants; Blackheads
Severe acne usually indicates the necessity of prescription medication to treat the pimples. Prescription medications used to treat acne and pimples include isotretinoin , which is a retinoid , anti-seborrheic medications, anti-androgen medications, hormonal treatments, alpha hydroxy acid , azelaic acid , and keratolytic soaps.