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Ulnar neuropathy is a disorder involving the ulnar nerve. Ulnar neuropathy may be caused by entrapment of the ulnar nerve with resultant numbness and tingling. [3] It may also cause weakness or paralysis of the muscles supplied by the nerve. Ulnar neuropathy may affect the elbow as cubital tunnel syndrome.
An anastomosis occurs when two structures that normally are not connected have a connection. In this case the connection is a nerve. The Martin-Gruber anastomosis is most common anastomosis that occurs between these two nerves. [1] This connection carries motor axons which innervate some of the usually ulnar nerve innervated intrinsic muscles.
Examples of trauma deformities may include but are not limited to: ulnar claw deformity due to ulnar nerve damage from elbow injuries, [12] boutonnière deformity, [1] mallet finger, [13] jersey finger [14] and gamekeeper's thumb, [4] which can result from sport injuries.
Cubital tunnel syndrome is an entrapment neuropathy, or nerve compression syndrome, a condition caused by compression, traction or friction, of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. [1] Nerve compression is also known as a trapped nerve. The ulnar nerve travels from the shoulder (brachial plexus) down the length of the arm to the hand.
Schematic diagram of the medial side of the elbow showing the ulnar nerve passing through the cubital tunnel. Chronic compression of the ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel is known as cubital tunnel syndrome. [4] There are several sites of possible compression, traction or friction of the ulnar nerve as it courses behind the elbow. [5]
Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyon's canal syndrome or Handlebar palsy, is ulnar neuropathy at the wrist where it passes through the ulnar tunnel (Guyon's canal). [1] The most common presentation is a palsy of the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve causing weakness of the interosseous muscles .
The latter involves compression at the wrist of the superficial sensory branch of the radial nerve which does not innervate hand muscles. [ citation needed ] Robert Wartenberg (1887-1956) was a neurologist born in Belarus who worked in Germany until 1935 when he emigrated to the United States.
This contributes to chronic compression of the ulnar nerve which causes numbness and weakness in the fingers and can lead to intrinsic paralysis of the hand in untreated severe cases. [17] [18] Decompression of the ulnar nerve can be achieved through surgery. [19]