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Callisto (/ k ə ˈ l ɪ s t oʊ / kə-LIST-oh), or Jupiter IV, is the second-largest moon of Jupiter, after Ganymede.In the Solar System it is the third-largest moon after Ganymede and Saturn's largest moon Titan, and nearly as large as the smallest planet Mercury.
The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg FullMoon2010.jpg Callisto.jpg: Author: Apollo 17 Picture of the Whole Earth: NASA. Telescopic Image of the Full Moon: Gregory H. Revera Global View of Callisto: NASA/JPL/DLR (German Aerospace Center)
The largest, Ganymede, is the largest moon in the Solar System and surpasses the planet Mercury in size (though not mass). Callisto is only slightly smaller than Mercury in size; the smaller ones, Io and Europa, are about the size of the Moon. The three inner moons — Io, Europa, and Ganymede — are in a 4:2:1 orbital resonance with each other.
Planetary-mass satellites larger than Pluto, the largest Solar dwarf planet. The three largest satellites Ganymede, Titan, and Callisto are of similar size or larger than the planet Mercury; these and four more – Io, the Moon, Europa, and Triton – are larger and more massive than the largest and most massive dwarf planets, Pluto and Eris.
The size of solid bodies does not include an object's atmosphere. For example, Titan looks bigger than Ganymede, but its solid body is smaller. For the giant planets , the "radius" is defined as the distance from the center at which the atmosphere reaches 1 bar of atmospheric pressure.
The habitability of natural satellites is the potential of moons to provide habitats for life, though it is not an indicator that they harbor it.Natural satellites are expected to outnumber planets by a large margin and the study of their habitability is therefore important to astrobiology and the search for extraterrestrial life.
The first known natural satellite was the Moon, but it was considered a "planet" until Copernicus' introduction of De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in 1543. Until the discovery of the Galilean satellites in 1610 there was no opportunity for referring to such objects as a class.
A size comparison of the planets in the Kepler-37 system and objects in the Solar System Below is a list of the smallest exoplanets so far discovered, in terms of physical size, ordered by radius. List