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Historically, Zionism was a secular ideology that was opposed by Orthodox, Conservative and Reform Jews. While Orthodox and Conservative groups opposed Zionism for being nationalist rather than religious, Reform Judaism opposed a return to Zion for theological reasons. Reform theology conceived of Judaism as the universal religion of the prophets.
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Theodor Herzl was the founder of the modern Zionist movement. In his 1896 pamphlet Der Judenstaat, he envisioned the founding of a future independent Jewish state during the 20th century. Part of a series on Jews and Judaism Etymology Who is a Jew? Religion God in Judaism (names) Principles of ...
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. In the late 19th century, amid attempts to apply science to notions of race, the founders of Zionism (Theodor Herzl and Max Nordau, among others) sought to reformulate conceptions of Jewishness in terms of racial identity and the "race science" of the time. They believed that this concept would ...
Reform Judaism, also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism, is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of Judaism, the superiority of its ethical aspects to its ceremonial ones, and belief in a continuous revelation which is closely intertwined with human reason and not limited to the Theophany at Mount Sinai.
The Anti-Defamation League defines the concept this way: "Zionism is the movement for the self-determination and statehood for the Jewish people in their ancestral homeland, the land of Israel ...
Cultural Zionism or Spritual Zionism is a strain of Zionism that focused on creating a center in historic Palestine with its own secular Jewish culture and national history, including language and historical roots, rather than on mass migration or state-building. The founder of Cultural Zionism was Asher Ginsberg, better known as Ahad Ha'am ...
From this fear of losing their identity as distinct people, and ideas built upon from the period of Jewish enlightenment, [3] Cultural Zionism was born. The most prominent figure in this movement was a philosopher by the name Ahad Ha'am. He believed that the survival of Jewish culture depended on the creation of a spiritual center for the ...
Reform Judaism rejected the traditional definition of a Jew via matrilineal descent, effectively severing the united peoplehood that had linked Reform and non-Reform movements. [3] For practically all Orthodox Jews (and many Conservative Jews ), this was seen as splitting the Jewish people into two mutually incompatible groups.