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The Pléiades system was designed under the French-Italian ORFEO Programme (Optical and Radar Federated Earth Observation) between 2001 and 2003. [2]The Pléiades programme was launched in October 2003 with CNES (the French space agency) as the overall system prime contractor and EADS Astrium as the prime contractor for the space segment.
The Pleiades (/ ˈ p l iː. ə d iː z, ˈ p l eɪ-, ˈ p l aɪ-/), [8] [9] also known as Seven Sisters and Messier 45 (M45), is an asterism of an open star cluster containing young B-type stars in the northwest of the constellation Taurus.
A celestial map by the Dutch cartographer Frederik de Wit, 1670. A star chart is a celestial map of the night sky with astronomical objects laid out on a grid system. They are used to identify and locate constellations, stars, nebulae, galaxies, and planets. [1]
Star map with the Pleiades (upper right) and the Hyades (centre, V-shaped head of the constellation Taurus with its main star Aldebaran, γ Tauri und ε Tauri (Ain)) at both sides of the ecliptic line (dashed red). The Golden Gate of the Ecliptic is an asterism in the constellation Taurus that has been known
The asterism was recognized as the constellation ASH.IKU "The Field" on the MUL.APIN cuneiform tablets from about 1100 to 700 BC. [13] Alpheratz is now only considered a part of the constellation Andromeda whereas formerly the star was a part of both constellations. The Bowl of Virgo is formed by the stars Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon and Eta ...
Taygete was one of the Pleiades sisters in Greek mythology. In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) [10] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Taygeta for the component 19 Tauri Aa on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names. [7]
The term Pleiades Phenomenon was coined by astronomer Paul Kalas who discovered five nebulosities not related to star forming regions using a coronagraph. [2] The nebulosities were found to have "linear, filamentary, striated morphological structure" located between 1000 and 100,000 astronomical units from each star.
The Merope Nebula (also known as Tempel's Nebula and NGC 1435) is a diffuse reflection nebula in the Pleiades star cluster, surrounding the 4th magnitude star Merope. It was discovered on October 19, 1859 by the German astronomer Wilhelm Tempel. The discovery was made using a 10.5 cm refractor. [3]