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The principal subdivision of the thalamus into nucleus groups is the trisection of each thalamus (left and right) by a Y-shaped internal medullary lamina. This trisection divides each thalamus into anterior, medial and lateral groups of nuclei. [8] The medial group is subdivided into the medial dorsal nucleus and midline group.
The interthalamic adhesion (also known as the massa intermedia, intermediate mass or middle commissure) is a flattened band of tissue that connects both parts of the thalamus at their medial surfaces.
In neuroanatomy, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN; also called the lateral geniculate body or lateral geniculate complex) is a structure in the thalamus and a key component of the mammalian visual pathway. It is a small, ovoid, ventral projection of the thalamus where the thalamus connects with the optic nerve. There are two LGNs, one on the ...
The loop involves connections between the cortex, the basal ganglia, the thalamus, and back to the cortex. It is of particular relevance to hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movement disorders , such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease , [ 1 ] as well as to mental disorders of control, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ...
This traditional list does not accord strictly with human thalamic anatomy. Nuclear groups of the thalamus include: anterior nuclear group [1] (anteroventral, [2] anterodorsal, [3] anteromedial [4]) medial nuclear group (medial dorsal nucleus, [5] a.k.a. dorsomedial) parvocellular part [6] (a.k.a. parvicellular part) magnocellular part [7]
The thalamic fasciculus is a component of the subthalamus (ventral thalamus). It is synonymous with field H 1 of Forel.Fibers from the lenticular fasciculus (field H 2 of Forel), are joined by fibers from the ansa lenticularis – different parts of the internal globus pallidus, before they enter the ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus to form the thalamic fasciculus.
As a group they make up the collection called the pulvinar of the thalamus (pulvinar thalami), usually just called the pulvinar. The pulvinar is usually grouped as one of the lateral thalamic nuclei in rodents and carnivores, and stands as an independent complex in primates.
The medial dorsal nucleus relays inputs from the amygdala and olfactory cortex and projects to the prefrontal cortex and the limbic system, [5] [6] and in turn relays them to the prefrontal association cortex. As a result, it plays a crucial role in attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking, and active memory.