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The Partition of Ireland (Irish: críochdheighilt na hÉireann) was the process by which the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (UK) divided Ireland into two self-governing polities: Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland (today known as the Republic of Ireland, or simply Ireland).
On 1 January 1801, Great Britain and Ireland joined to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Act of Union 1800 was passed in both the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland, dominated by the Protestant Ascendancy and lacking representation of the country's Roman Catholic population.
The United Irishmen Rebellion of 1798 (which sought to end British rule in Ireland) failed, and the 1800 Act of Union merged the Kingdom of Ireland into a combined United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. [4] In the mid-19th century, the Great Famine (1845–1852) resulted in the death or emigration of over two million people. At the time ...
The Union with Ireland Act 1800 (39 & 40 Geo. 3 c. 67), [7] an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, and; The Act of Union (Ireland) 1800 (40 Geo. 3 c. 38), [8] an Act of the Parliament of Ireland. They were passed on 2 July 1800 and 1 August 1800 respectively, and came into force on 1 January 1801.
Partition of Ireland in 1920 into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. This partition was only partially implemented as, following the Irish War of Independence, Southern Ireland became the Irish Free State; Treaty of Kars of 1921, which partitioned Ottoman Armenia between Turkey and the Soviet Union (Western and Eastern Armenia).
The concept of the separation of powers has been applied to the United Kingdom and the nature of its executive (UK government, Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive), judicial (England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) and legislative (UK Parliament, Scottish Parliament, Senedd Cymru and Northern Ireland Assembly) functions.
In light of these changes, the British state was renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on 12 April 1927 with the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act. The modern-day United Kingdom is the same state, that is to say a direct continuation of what remained after the Irish Free State's secession, as opposed to being an ...
Northern and Southern Ireland. The Government of Ireland Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5.c. 67) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.The Act's long title was "An Act to provide for the better government of Ireland"; it is also known as the Fourth Home Rule Bill or (inaccurately) as the Fourth Home Rule Act and informally known as the Partition Act. [3]