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First space walk/extra-vehicular activity (Alexei Leonov). USSR Voskhod 2: March 1965: First crewed spacecraft to change orbit. USA (NASA) Gemini 3: 14 July 1965: First flyby of Mars (returned pictures). USA (NASA) Mariner 4 [18] 14 July 1965: First photographs of another planet from deep space . USA (NASA) Mariner 4 [18] 26 November 1965
Satellites of the similar Russian GLONASS system began to be put into orbit in 1982, and the system is expected to have a complete 24-satellite constellation in place by 2010. [75] The European Space Agency expects to have its Galileo with 30 satellites in place by 2011–12 as well.
The programme carried out six crewed spaceflights between 1961 and 1963. The program was the first program to put humans into space, with Yuri Gagarin becoming the first man in space on April 12, 1961, aboard the Vostok 1. [79] Gherman Titov became the first person to stay in orbit for a full day on August 7, 1961, aboard the Vostok 2. [80]
In 1959, he became one of the original seven astronauts chosen for Project Mercury, which was the United States' first effort to put humans into space. On October 3, 1962, he flew the six-orbit, nine-hour, Mercury-Atlas 8 mission, in a spacecraft he nicknamed Sigma 7 , becoming the fifth American and ninth human to travel into space.
The Russian space mission Fobos-Grunt, which launched on 9 November 2011, experienced a failure leaving it stranded in low Earth orbit. [40] It was to begin exploration of the Phobos and Martian circumterrestrial orbit, and study whether the moons of Mars, or at least Phobos, could be a "trans-shipment point" for spaceships traveling to Mars. [41]
Beresheet, first private space probe and moon lander, crashed Russia / Germany: Spektr-RG: Earth-Sun L2: Success: Launch of the Spektr-RG X-ray observatory India: Chandrayaan-2: Moon: Partial success: Chandrayaan-2, orbiter achieved orbit, but lander and rover module hit into the Moon's surface and crashed. Ethiopia: ETRSS-1: Earth: Success
Space is very big and quite often, very weird. Last week, an image captured by NASA's Reconnaissance Orbiter looked just like a bear, and "The Green Comet" reached its closest point to Earth in ...
The program, which took its name from Roman mythology, cost $2.76 billion (adjusted for inflation). [1] [n 1] The astronauts were collectively known as the "Mercury Seven", and each spacecraft was given a name ending with a "7" by its pilot. The Space Race began with the 1957 launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik 1. This came as a shock to the ...