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The Song government supported social welfare programs including the establishment of retirement homes, public clinics, and paupers' graveyards. [62] The Song dynasty supported a widespread postal service that was modeled on the earlier Han dynasty (202 BCE – CE 220) postal system to provide swift communication throughout the empire. [64]
Part of a series on the History of China Timeline Dynasties Historiography Prehistoric Paleolithic Neolithic (c. 8500 – c. 2000 BCE) Yellow, Yangtze, and Liao civilization Ancient Xia (c. 2070 – c. 1600 BCE) Shang (c. 1600 – c. 1046 BCE) Late Shang (c. 1250 – c. 1046 BCE) Zhou (c. 1046 – c. 256 BCE) Western Zhou (1046–771 BCE) Eastern Zhou (771–256 BCE) Spring and Autumn (c. 770 ...
The first nationwide government-funded school system in China was established in the year 3 AD under Emperor Ping of Han (9 BC–5 AD). [77] During the Northern Song dynasty, the government gradually reestablished an official school system after it was heavily damaged during the preceding Five Dynasties period. [78]
The baojia system (Chinese: 保甲; pinyin: bǎojiǎ; Wade–Giles: pao 3-chia 3) was an invention of Wang Anshi of the Northern Song dynasty, who created this community-based system of law enforcement and civil control that was included in his large reform of Chinese government ("the New Policies") from 1069–1076.
Song dynasty government officials (4 C, 60 P) P. Prefectures of the Song dynasty (9 C, 110 P) ... Baojia system; Bureau of Military Affairs; C. Court of Imperial ...
During the reform era of New Policies (Song dynasty) (1069-1076) led by Wang Anshi, the Three Bureaus were controlled by a Finance Planning Commission (zhizhi sansi tiaoli si) under the Imperial Secretariat (shangshu sheng). This organization was abolished during the Ming dynasty and replaced with the Ministry of Revenue. [2]
Government statistics show that in 1034, 80 percent of the Song dynasty's population consisted of rural households. However because the state had given up ownership and distribution of land in the villages and deregulated the markets, the 11th century rural and urban economy saw a great deal of commercialization, privatization of land, and urbanization.
During the Song dynasty, a national examination system (Civil Service Exam) managed by scholar-bureaucrats was used to recruit officials; those who passed the palace examination – the highest-level examination in the empire – were appointed directly by the emperor to the highest central government positions. [16]