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Figure 1. Plots of quadratic function y = ax 2 + bx + c, varying each coefficient separately while the other coefficients are fixed (at values a = 1, b = 0, c = 0). A quadratic equation whose coefficients are real numbers can have either zero, one, or two distinct real-valued solutions, also called roots.
If a quadratic function is equated with zero, then the result is a quadratic equation. The solutions of a quadratic equation are the zeros (or roots) of the corresponding quadratic function, of which there can be two, one, or zero. The solutions are described by the quadratic formula. A quadratic polynomial or quadratic function can involve ...
A similar but more complicated method works for cubic equations, which have three resolvents and a quadratic equation (the "resolving polynomial") relating and , which one can solve by the quadratic equation, and similarly for a quartic equation (degree 4), whose resolving polynomial is a cubic, which can in turn be solved. [14]
The Gaussian quadrature chooses more suitable points instead, so even a linear function approximates the function better (the black dashed line). As the integrand is the polynomial of degree 3 (y(x) = 7x 3 – 8x 2 – 3x + 3), the 2-point Gaussian quadrature rule even returns an exact result.
The first degree polynomial equation = + is a line with slope a. A line will connect any two points, so a first degree polynomial equation is an exact fit through any two points with distinct x coordinates. If the order of the equation is increased to a second degree polynomial, the following results:
Because touching intersections appear rarely and are difficult to deal with, the following considerations omit this case. In any case below all necessary differential conditions are presupposed. The determination of intersection points always leads to one or two non-linear equations which can be solved by Newton iteration.
This quadratic equation has two solutions: = and = But if 0 {\displaystyle 0} is substituted for x {\displaystyle x} in the original equation, the result is the invalid equation 2 = 0 {\displaystyle 2=0} .
For example, a degree two polynomial in two variables, such as + +, is called a "binary quadratic": binary due to two variables, quadratic due to degree two. [ a ] There are also names for the number of terms, which are also based on Latin distributive numbers, ending in -nomial ; the common ones are monomial , binomial , and (less commonly ...