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Hypoxia differs from hypoxemia and anoxemia, in that hypoxia refers to a state in which oxygen present in a tissue or the whole body is insufficient, whereas hypoxemia and anoxemia refer specifically to states that have low or no oxygen in the blood. [3] Hypoxia in which there is complete absence of oxygen supply is referred to as anoxia.
Tissue hypoxia refers to low levels of oxygen in the tissues of the body and the term hypoxia is a general term for low levels of oxygen. [2] Hypoxemia is usually caused by pulmonary disease whereas tissue oxygenation requires additionally adequate circulation of blood and perfusion of tissue to meet metabolic demands.
Cerebral hypoxia is a form of hypoxia (reduced supply of oxygen), specifically involving the brain; when the brain is completely deprived of oxygen, it is called cerebral anoxia. There are four categories of cerebral hypoxia; they are, in order of increasing severity: diffuse cerebral hypoxia (DCH), focal cerebral ischemia , cerebral infarction ...
For this reason, some climbers carry supplemental oxygen to prevent hypoxia, edema, and HAPE. The standard drug treatment of dexamethasone does not alter the hypoxia or the consequent vasoconstriction, but stimulates fluid reabsorption in the lungs to reverse the edema. Additionally, several studies on native populations remaining at high ...
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to decreases in available oxygen in the cellular environment, or hypoxia. [1] [2] They also respond to instances of pseudohypoxia, such as thiamine deficiency. [3] [4] Both hypoxia and pseudohypoxia leads to impairment of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production by the ...
Hypoxia (environmental), abnormally low oxygen content of a specific environment Hypoxia in fish, responses of fish to hypoxia; Hypoxia (medical), abnormally low level of oxygen in the tissues Autoerotic hypoxia or erotic asphyxiation, intentional restriction of oxygen to the brain for sexual arousal
Intermittent hypoxia (also known as episodic hypoxia) is an intervention in which a person or animal undergoes alternating periods of normoxia and hypoxia. Normoxia is defined as exposure to oxygen levels normally found in Earth's atmosphere (~21% O 2 ) and hypoxia as any oxygen levels lower than those of normoxia.
A sufficiently large decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen leads to hypoxia, especially if the patient hypoventilates (which allows more time for evolving nitrous to dilute alveolar oxygen each breath). [5]