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The early Muslim–Meccan conflict refer to a series of raids in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions participated. The raids were generally offensive [1] and carried out to gather intelligence or seize back the confiscated Muslim trade goods of caravans financed by the Mushrik of the Quraysh.
Fred Donner, on the other hand, stated that "[the] assumption that Mecca was the linchpin of international luxury trade [has] been decisively challenged in recent years – notably in Patricia Crone, Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam.", [15] although Patricia Crone's theory has been challenged by Robert Bertram Serjeant who favored the Meccan ...
On three occasions, his forces battled with his Meccan opponents, led by his own tribe, the Quraysh. [2] Mecca was thus a no-go area for the Muslims, [ 3 ] with its old sanctuary of the Ka'ba . Although it had been a pilgrimage center from the pre-Islamic times , it seems that the Muslims were enjoined to perform pilgrimage to the Ka'ba only in ...
By the third Meccan period, sensuous imagery of full-bosomed, wide-eyed and virginal maidens have been replaced by references to spouses. [21] N78/E6o of the Third Meccan Period: 'whoever of their fathers, their spouses and offspring have acted honourably' By the Third Meccan period, Muhammad and the Muslims had gained sufficient support.
The Meccan boycott of the Hashemites by the Quraish was proclaimed in 617. [citation needed] This is a sub-article to Muhammad before Medina. The Meccan boycott of the Hashemites was a public boycott against the clan of Banu Hashim, declared in 616 (7th year of Prophethood) by the leaders of Banu Makhzum and Banu Abd-Shams, two important clans ...
The date of his entry into Mecca is variously given as 8–12 days later (10, 17/18, 19 or 20 Ramadan 8 AH). [63] While in Mecca, Muhammad prayed in the direction of the Kaaba and addressed the Quraysh, destroyed pagan idols, while his army destroyed pre-Islamic influences and punished Quraysh stragglers.
These attacks provoked and pressured Mecca by interfering with trade, and allowed the Muslims to acquire wealth, power and prestige while working toward their ultimate goal of inducing Mecca's submission to the new faith. [15] [16] In March 624, Muhammad led some three hundred warriors in a raid on a Meccan merchant caravan.
The Prophet Muhammad, however, uncovered their intentions through his own spies in the camp of the Hawazin, and marched against the Hawazin just two weeks after the conquest of Mecca with a force of 12,000 men. [1] [12] [13] [6] Only four weeks had elapsed since the Muslim forces had left Medina to conquer Mecca. [14]