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β-Galactosidase is an exoglycosidase which hydrolyzes the β-glycosidic bond formed between a galactose and its organic moiety. It may also cleave fucosides and arabinosides but at a much lower rate. It is an essential enzyme in the human body. Deficiencies in the protein can result in galactosialidosis or Morquio B syndrome.
When the target gene is not found in the vector, the alpha fragment gene would be active, producing the alpha fragment and allowing for B-galactosidase to gain its activity. To trace the activity of B-galactosidase a colorless analog of lactose is used, X-gal. The hydrolysis of X-gal by B-galactosidase produces galactose, a blue colored compound.
Fabry disease, also known as Anderson–Fabry disease, is a rare genetic disease that can affect many parts of the body, including the kidneys, heart, brain, and skin. [1] Fabry disease is one of a group of conditions known as lysosomal storage diseases .
The enzyme beta-galactosidase is a marker for coliforms generally and may be assayed by hydrolysis of enzyme-specific glycosides such as o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactose. Assays typically include a second sugar linked to a different dye, which produces a fluorescent product when acted on by the enzyme beta-glucuronidase.
Beta-galactoside permeases can describe any transport proteins that enable a cell to uptake, and thus accumulate, beta-galactosides. One known example of these transport proteins is the melibiose, or melB, carrier protein derived from the melB gene of E. coli. [3]
Galactosidase alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GLA gene. [ 5 ] Two recombinant forms of human α-galactosidase are called agalsidase alpha ( INN ) and agalsidase beta (INN). [ 6 ]
Galactosidase, beta 1, also known as GLB1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GLB1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The GLB1 protein is a beta-galactosidase that cleaves the terminal beta- galactose from ganglioside substrates and other glycoconjugates. [ 7 ]
α-Galactosidase ( EC 3.2.1.22, α-GAL, α-GAL A; systematic name α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase) is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyses the following reaction: [1] Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing α- D -galactose residues in α- D -galactosides, including galactose oligosaccharides, galactomannans and galactolipids