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On Earth, the northern polar jet stream is the most important one for aviation and weather forecasting, as it is much stronger and at a much lower altitude than the subtropical jet streams and also covers many countries in the Northern Hemisphere, while the southern polar jet stream mostly circles Antarctica and sometimes the southern tip of ...
The formation of such a jet implies the existence of a thermal wind balance supported by the amplification of temperature gradients in the jet's vicinity resulting from the Hadley circulation's poleward heat advection. [28] The subtropical jet in the upper troposphere coincides with where the Hadley cell meets the Ferrell cell. [1]
Tropical Easterly Jet. The Tropical Easterly Jet (jet stream) is the meteorological term referring to an upper level easterly wind that starts in late June and continues until early September. This strong flow of air that develops in the upper atmosphere during the Asian monsoon is centred on 15°N, 50-80°E and extends from South-East Asia to ...
Clear-air turbulence. In meteorology, clear-air turbulence (CAT) is the turbulent movement of air masses in the absence of any visual clues such as clouds, and is caused when bodies of air moving at widely different speeds meet. The atmospheric region most susceptible to CAT is the high troposphere at altitudes of around 7,000–12,000 m ...
The water temperatures near the equator in the Pacific Ocean can alter the jet stream on a global scale. The more the water in this zone warms up, the stronger El Niño becomes, resulting in a ...
The stratospheric polar vortex develops at latitudes above the subtropical jet stream. [14] Horizontally, most polar vortices have a radius of less than 1,000 kilometres (620 mi). [ 15 ] Since polar vortices exist from the stratosphere downward into the mid-troposphere, [ 5 ] a variety of heights/pressure levels are used to mark its position.
Impact of El Niño and La Niña on North America. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation affects the location of the jet stream, which alters rainfall patterns across the West, Midwest, the Southeast, and throughout the tropics. The shift in the jet stream also leads to shifts in the occurrence of severe weather, and the number of tropical ...
The Atlantic jet stream is a fast and narrow current of air flowing from west to east and encircling the globe and is widely used by airplanes traveling east from North America to cut down on ...