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Bacterial diseases; Bacterial canker Bacterium (unidentified) Dieback and leaf scorch: Xylella fastidiosa [1] [2] Fungal diseases. Fungal diseases; Annosum root rot
Peach tree leaves displaying various stages of the shot hole disease: brown spots on the leaf with conidium holders in the middle (center) that eventually fall off, leaving BB-sized holes behind (left) Shot hole disease of apricot leaves. The fungal pathogen Wilsonomyces carpophilus affects members of the Prunus genera. Almond, apricot ...
Bacterial diseases; Bacterial canker and blast Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae: ... Plum pox (= Sharka) genus Potyvirus, Plum pox virus (PPV) Prunus stem pitting
Cherries and European plums originated in Europe, although the Japanese plum originated in China. [2] Trees exposed to cold in autumn and early spring can develop cankers under the bark of the trunk or branches. Cankers are usually associated with the production of amber-coloured gum that contains bacteria and oozes on to the outer bark.
Compared above is a healthy tree and segment (left) to a tree infected and containing a canker. Apple canker, caused by the fungus Neonectria galligena formerly Nectria galligena. [2] Ash bacterial canker, now understood to be caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas savastanoi, rather than Pseudomonas syringae.
Bacterial diseases; Bacterial canker Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae: Bacterial spot = bacteriosis Xanthomonas pruni = X. arboricola pv. pruni = X. campestris pv. pruni: Crown gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Phony disease = phony peach Xylella fastidiosa
Strict hygiene practices used in orchards along with pruning in early spring and summer were proven to make the trees more resistant to P. syringae. Cauterizing cankers found on orchard trees can save the tree's life by stopping the infection from spreading. [31] Breeding plants for resistance is another somewhat effective way to avoid P. syringae.
In southern Germany apple and pear trees have been a part of the landscape for a long time, and are difficult to protect. The decline of apple and pear trees from their landscape can be expensive to replace and could have a negative effect on tourism. In the long-run, fire blight is a very important factor of economy and society. [citation needed]