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An immature teratoma is a teratoma that contains anaplastic immature elements, and is often synonymous with malignant teratoma. [1] A teratoma is a tumor of germ cell origin, containing tissues from more than one germ cell line, [2] [3] [4] It can be ovarian or testicular in its origin. [4] and are almost always benign. [5]
Ovarian germ cell tumors (OGCTs) are heterogeneous tumors that are derived from the primitive germ cells of the embryonic gonad, which accounts for about 2.6% of all ovarian malignancies. [1] There are four main types of OGCTs, namely dysgerminomas , yolk sac tumor , teratoma , and choriocarcinoma .
Immature teratoma is the malignant counterpart of the mature teratoma and contains immature tissues which typically show primitive or embryonal neuroectodermal histopathology. Immature teratoma has one of the lowest rates of somatic mutation of any tumor type and results from one of five mechanisms of meiotic failure .
Tumor of the ovary vary remarkably as they may arise from any of the 3 cell types of the normal ovary. Ovarian tumors are classified according to the histology of the tumor, obtained in a pathology report. Histology dictates many aspects of clinical treatment, management, and prognosis. The most common forms are:
pelvis, particularly sacrococcygeal teratoma; In females, GCTs account for 30% of ovarian tumors, but only 1 to 3% of ovarian cancers in North America. In younger women, they are more common, thus in patients under the age of 21, 60% of ovarian tumors are of the germ-cell type, and up to one-third are malignant.
Sacrococcygeal teratomas are benign 75% of the time, malignant 12% of the time, and the remainder are considered "immature teratomas" that share benign and malignant features. Benign sacrococcygeal teratomas are more likely to develop in younger children who are less than 5 months old, and older children are more likely to develop malignant ...
Polyembryoma is a rare, very aggressive form of germ cell tumor usually found in the ovaries.Polyembryoma has features of both yolk sac tumour and undifferentiated teratoma/embryonal carcinoma, with a characteristic finding of embryoid bodies lying in a loose mesenchymal stroma.
A prospective study of ovarian sex cord–stromal tumours in children and adolescents began enrolling participants in 2005. [14] The International Ovarian and Testicular Stromal Tumor Registry is studying these rare tumours and collecting data on them to further research. Targeted treatments are being evaluated for these tumours as well. [1]