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Hydroxyethyl starch (HES/HAES), sold under the brand name Voluven among others, is a nonionic starch derivative, used as a volume expander in intravenous therapy. The use of HES on critically ill patients is associated with an increased risk of death and kidney problems.
Modified starch. Pack of modified food starch, a food additive which is prepared by treating starch or starch granules. Modified starch, also called starch derivatives, is prepared by physically, enzymatically, or chemically treating native starch to change its properties. [1] Modified starches are used in practically all starch applications ...
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Acetylated starch, E1420 in the E number scheme of food additives, is a modified starch. These are not absorbed intact by the gut, but are significantly hydrolysed by intestinal enzymes and then fermented by intestinal microbiota.
Pure starch is a white, tasteless and odorless powder that is insoluble in cold water or alcohol. It consists of two types of molecules: the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight. [4]
Resistant starch. A specially developed strain of barley, high in resistant starch. Resistant starch (RS) is starch, including its degradation products, that escapes from digestion in the small intestine of healthy individuals. [1][2] Resistant starch occurs naturally in foods, but it can also be added as part of dried raw foods, or used as an ...
Lactose, or milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C 12 H 22 O 11.Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The name comes from lact (gen. lactis), the Latin word for milk, plus the suffix -ose used to name sugars.
Starch gelatinization. Starch gelatinization is a process of breaking down of intermolecular bonds of starch molecules in the presence of water and heat, allowing the hydrogen bonding sites (the hydroxyl hydrogen and oxygen) to engage more water. This irreversibly dissolves the starch granule in water. Water acts as a plasticizer.
Acetylated distarch adipate (E 1422) is a food additive of the thickening agent type, and more specifically a bulking agent. It is also used as a stabilizer. This is an additive belonging to the family of modified starches. This is a starch that is treated with acetic anhydride and adipic acid anhydride to resist high temperatures.