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Dental trauma refers to trauma (injury) to the teeth and/or periodontium (gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone), and nearby soft tissues such as the lips, tongue, etc. The study of dental trauma is called dental traumatology.
Dental avulsion is a type of dental trauma, and the prevalence of dental trauma is estimated at 17.5% and varies with geographical area. [36] Although dental trauma is relatively low, dental avulsion is the fourth most prevalent type of dental trauma. [37] Dental avulsion is more prevalent in males than females.
Endodontists are specialist dentists with additional training, experience and formal qualifications in endodontic treatment, apicectomies, microsurgery, and dental emergency and trauma management. [18] Endodontics is recognized as a specialty by many national dental organizations including the Dental Board of Australia, British General Dental ...
Dental intrusion is an apical displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone. This injury is accompanied by extensive damage to periodontal ligament , cementum , disruption of the neurovascular supply to the pulp, and communication or fracture of the alveolar socket.
Dental trauma is a major global health issue and it affects 17.5% of children and adolescents. [9] It is most commonly seen in school children. Dental subluxation is one of the most common traumatic injuries in primary dentition. Maxillary central incisors are the most commonly affected teeth.
Dental carious lesion. Falls, which account for 65% of cases (Saber Azami-Aghdash et al., 2015), are the most common etiology for traumatic dental injuries, especially in primary dentition. Trauma to the dentition can occur as a result of sports injuries, cycling accidents, motor vehicle accidents, and physical violence (Peng, 2023).
The expansion of the field of regenerative endodontics was also dependent on the contributions from important studies in dental trauma. It has been proven that the vitality of dental pulp in immature teeth is preserved and it is free of signs and symptoms of disease even though it has sustained traumatic injuries such as avulsion and intrusion.
According to Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP) guidelines, when teeth have either over-erupted or drifted due to periodontal disease, it is recommended to check for fremitus or occlusal interference: [38] 1. Fremitus test. Allows the diagnosis of trauma caused by patient's occlusal forces.