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  2. Heartbleed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartbleed

    Heartbleed is a security bug in some outdated versions of the OpenSSL cryptography library, which is a widely used implementation of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol.

  3. XZ Utils backdoor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XZ_Utils_backdoor

    In February 2024, a malicious backdoor was introduced to the Linux build of the xz utility within the liblzma library in versions 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 by an account using the name "Jia Tan". [ b ] [ 4 ] The backdoor gives an attacker who possesses a specific Ed448 private key remote code execution through OpenSSH on the affected Linux system.

  4. Comparison of TLS implementations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_TLS...

    OpenSSL: libc zlib (compression) brotli (compression) zstd (compression) wolfSSL: None libc zlib (compression) Erlang/OTP SSL application libcrypto (from OpenSSL), Erlang/OTP and its public_key, crypto and asn1 applications Erlang/OTP -inets (http fetching of CRLs) Implementation Dependencies Optional dependencies

  5. OpenSSL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL

    OpenSSL is a software library for applications that provide secure communications over computer networks against eavesdropping, and identify the party at the other end. It is widely used by Internet servers, including the majority of HTTPS websites. OpenSSL contains an open-source implementation of the SSL and TLS protocols.

  6. Block cipher mode of operation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_mode_of_operation

    A block cipher by itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of one fixed-length group of bits called a block. [2] A mode of operation describes how to repeatedly apply a cipher's single-block operation to securely transform amounts of data larger than a block. [3] [4] [5]

  7. Stunnel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stunnel

    Stunnel is an open-source multi-platform application used to provide a universal TLS/SSL tunneling service. Stunnel is used to provide secure encrypted connections for clients or servers that do not speak TLS or SSL natively. [4] It runs on a variety of operating systems, [5] including most Unix-like operating systems and Windows.

  8. DROWN attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DROWN_attack

    The DROWN (Decrypting RSA with Obsolete and Weakened eNcryption) attack is a cross-protocol security bug that attacks servers supporting modern SSLv3/TLS protocol suites by using their support for the obsolete, insecure, SSL v2 protocol to leverage an attack on connections using up-to-date protocols that would otherwise be secure.

  9. Export of cryptography from the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Export_of_cryptography...

    Netscape Navigator Install Disk stating "Not For export" Encryption export controls became a matter of public concern with the introduction of the personal computer. Phil Zimmermann's PGP encryption software and its distribution on the Internet in 1991 was the first major 'individual level' challenge to controls on export of cryptography.