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The sclerophyll regions are located in the outer subtropics bordering the temperate zone (also known as the warm-temperate zone). Accordingly, the annual average temperatures are relatively high at 12–24 °C (54–75 °F); An average of over 18 °C (64 °F) is reached for at least four months, eight to twelve months it is over 10 °C (50 °F ...
[1] [3] This is equivalent to about 40% of the plant species of the United States and Canada combined, found within an area the size of the state of Maine. The fynbos and Southwest Australia shrublands have flora that are significantly more diverse than the other ecoregions, although any Mediterranean shrubland is still rich in species and ...
Maquis is an open-canopied evergreen woodland, with an understory of shrubs, herbs, grasses, and geophytes. The predominant trees are olive ( Olea europea ), carob ( Cerotonia siliqua ), Palestine oak ( Quercus calliprinos , sometimes classified as Q. coccifera subsp. calliprinos ), pistacio ( Pistacia terebinthus , sometimes classified as P ...
The Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests has six major plant communities. [2]The Tyrrhenian mixed oak forests are dominated by the sclerophyllous evergreen oak Quercus ilex, Quercus suber and Quercus coccifera, and by deciduous species such as Quercus pubescens, Quercus cerris, Fraxinus ornus, Celtis australis, and Ostrya carpinifolia.
The ecoregion's plant communities include: Evergreen oak forests, with cork oak (Quercus suber) and holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia) as the predominant canopy trees, and an evergreen understory of low trees and high shrubs that include Laurus nobilis, Arbutus unedo, Erica arborea, Erica scoparia, Ilex aquifolium, Phillyrea latifolia, Phillyrea angustifolia, Viburnum tinus, Cytisus villosus, and ...
Matorral is a shrubland plant community, composed of sclerophyll ("hard-leaved") shrubs and small trees, cactus, and bromeliads. Typical species include litre (Lithraea caustica), quillay or soapbark tree (Quillaja saponaria), cactus (Echinopsis chiloensis), and bromeliads of genus Puya, with a diverse understory of herbs, vines, and geophytes. [3]
The ecology of Sydney, located in the state of New South Wales, Australia, is diverse for its size, [1] where it would mainly feature biomes such as grassy woodlands or savannas and some sclerophyll forests, with some pockets of mallee shrublands, riparian forests, heathlands, and wetlands, in addition to small temperate and subtropical rainforest fragments.
The predominant trees are evergreen sclerophyll broadleaf species and conifers. [2] Forests of holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia) and cork oak (Quercus suber) were once predominant in plains and valleys with deep alluvial soil. Over centuries most of these forests have been converted to agriculture, pasture, or maquis shrubland. Maquis shrubland ...