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  2. Enemy release hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enemy_release_hypothesis

    The enemy release hypothesis is among the most widely proposed explanations for the dominance of exotic invasive species.In its native range, a species has co-evolved with pathogens, parasites and predators that limit its population.

  3. Exploitative interactions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploitative_interactions

    For example, exploitative interactions between a predator and prey can result in the extinction of the victim (the prey, in this case), as the predator, by definition, kills the prey, and thus reduces its population. [2] Another effect of these interactions is in the coevolutionary "hot" and "cold spots" put forth by geographic mosaic theory ...

  4. Frequency-dependent selection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-dependent_selection

    Clarke later argued that frequency-dependent balancing selection could explain molecular polymorphisms (often in the absence of heterosis) in opposition to the neutral theory of molecular evolution. [9] Another example is plant self-incompatibility alleles. When two plants share the same incompatibility allele, they are unable to mate.

  5. Evolution of Infectious Disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_Infectious...

    Pathogens adapt to the medications and form a resistance to them which causes the new generations of pathogens to be more detrimental than the previous generations. [7] After many generations have emerged, scientists must continuously form new vaccinations to combat the components of the disease that evolve every time a generation appears.

  6. Host–parasite coevolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host–parasite_coevolution

    Hosts and parasites exert reciprocal selective pressures on each other, which may lead to rapid reciprocal adaptation.For organisms with short generation times, host–parasite coevolution can be observed in comparatively small time periods, making it possible to study evolutionary change in real-time under both field and laboratory conditions.

  7. Disease ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_ecology

    Occasionally predators will prefer feeding on the sick or infected prey even though they carry a parasite because of the opportunity weak prey present. [5] Without the presence of a predator species the prey species would likely exceed manageable numbers therefore leading to the rapid spread of pathogens throughout the prey population. [6]

  8. Anti-predator adaptation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-predator_adaptation

    Anti-predator adaptations are mechanisms developed through evolution that assist prey organisms in their constant struggle against predators. Throughout the animal kingdom, adaptations have evolved for every stage of this struggle, namely by avoiding detection, warding off attack, fighting back, or escaping when caught.

  9. Coevolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coevolution

    Predators and prey interact and coevolve: the predator to catch the prey more effectively, the prey to escape. The coevolution of the two mutually imposes selective pressures . These often lead to an evolutionary arms race between prey and predator, resulting in anti-predator adaptations .