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  2. Phase-shift keying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-shift_keying

    Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation process which conveys data by changing (modulating) the phase of a constant frequency carrier wave.The modulation is accomplished by varying the sine and cosine inputs at a precise time.

  3. Barker code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barker_code

    Barker code used in BPSK modulation In wireless communications, sequences are usually chosen for their spectral properties and for low cross correlation with other sequences likely to interfere. In the 802.11 standard, an 11-chip Barker sequence is used for the 1 and 2 Mbit/s rates.

  4. Wikipedia : Peer review/Phase-shift keying/archive1

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Peer_review/...

    BPSK is the most simple to understand, so the BPSK concept should be introduced in the lead. In its most simple form a regular sinewave is used to represent binary 0; and a 'cosine' wave (180° phase shift) is used to represent binary 1. This should be supported by a diagram alongside. (You can clip the QPSK image, first line-0110 to illustrate ...

  5. Constellation diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constellation_diagram

    An 8-PSK.Information transmitted according to the scheme described in the above diagram is encoded as one of 8 "symbols", each representing 3 bits of data.

  6. Differential coding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_coding

    For BPSK, n = 2; the symbols appear inverted or not. Differential encoding prevents inversion of the signal and symbols, respectively, from affecting the data. Assuming that x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} is a bit intended for transmission and y i − 1 {\displaystyle y_{i-1}} was the symbol just transmitted, then the symbol to be transmitted for x ...

  7. Carrier-to-noise ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier-to-noise_ratio

    The carrier-to-noise ratio is defined as the ratio of the received modulated carrier signal power C to the received noise power N after the receiver filters: =. When both carrier and noise are measured across the same impedance, this ratio can equivalently be given as:

  8. Error vector magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_Vector_Magnitude

    For many common constellations including BPSK, QPSK, and 8PSK, these two methods for finding the reference give the same result, but for higher-order QAM constellations including 16QAM, Star 32QAM, 32APSK, and 64QAM the RMS average and the maximum produce different reference values.

  9. Modulation index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation_index

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