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Operations [note 3] Endian [note 4] Word Digest Chaining values [note 5] Computation values [note 6] Block Length [note 7] GOST R 34.11-94: 32 ×8 = 256: ×8 = 256: 32 4 A B L S Little HAVAL-3-128: 32 ×4 = 128: ×8 = 256: ×32 = 1,024: 64 32 × 3 = 96: A B S Little HAVAL-3-160: ×5 = 160: HAVAL-3-192: ×6 = 192: HAVAL-3-224: ×7 = 224: HAVAL-3 ...
There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA. These were also designed by the NSA. SHA-3 : A hash function formerly called Keccak , chosen in 2012 after a public competition among non-NSA designers.
Algorithm BLAKE2b Input: M Message to be hashed cbMessageLen: Number, (0..2 128) Length of the message in bytes Key Optional 0..64 byte key cbKeyLen: Number, (0..64) Length of optional key in bytes cbHashLen: Number, (1..64) Desired hash length in bytes Output: Hash Hash of cbHashLen bytes Initialize State vector h with IV h 0..7 ← IV 0..7 ...
SHA-2 basically consists of two hash algorithms: SHA-256 and SHA-512. SHA-224 is a variant of SHA-256 with different starting values and truncated output. SHA-384 and the lesser-known SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256 are all variants of SHA-512. SHA-512 is more secure than SHA-256 and is commonly faster than SHA-256 on 64-bit machines such as AMD64.
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
In cryptography, the avalanche effect is the desirable property of cryptographic algorithms, typically block ciphers [1] and cryptographic hash functions, wherein if an input is changed slightly (for example, flipping a single bit), the output changes significantly (e.g., half the output bits flip).
For example, the pad could be derived from the total length of the message. This kind of padding scheme is commonly applied to hash algorithms that use the Merkle–Damgård construction such as MD-5, SHA-1, and SHA-2 family such as SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, SHA-512/224, and SHA-512/256 [4]
SHA-3 (Secure Hash Algorithm 3) is the latest [4] member of the Secure Hash Algorithm family of standards, released by NIST on August 5, 2015. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Although part of the same series of standards, SHA-3 is internally different from the MD5 -like structure of SHA-1 and SHA-2 .