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Another method of reducing the fan speed [5] is by moving the 5 V wire in the classical Molex power connector in the place of the Ground wire going to the fan, thereby delivering +7 V (12 V − 5 V = 7 V) to the fan. However, this is a potentially risky method, because +5 V PSU line is intended to source current only, not sink it, so the PSU is ...
Since the value reported by PECI takes into account internal processor information about safe operating temperatures, it alleviates the need for the BIOS or operating system to make potentially incorrect assumptions about this limit. Furthermore, it supports dynamic fan control with a high degree of accuracy, where fan speed can be ...
Where noise is an issue, larger, slower-turning fans are quieter than smaller, faster fans that can move the same airflow. Fan noise has been found to be roughly proportional to the fifth power of fan speed; halving the speed reduces the noise by about 15 dB. [22] Axial fans may rotate at speeds of up to around 38,000 rpm for smaller sizes. [23]
SpeedFan is a system monitor for Microsoft Windows that can read temperatures, voltages and fan speeds of computer components. [3] It can change computer fan speeds depending on the temperature of various components. [1] [4] The program can display system variables as charts and as an indicator in the system tray.
A finned air cooled heatsink with fan clipped onto a CPU, with a smaller passive heatsink without fan in the background A 3-fan heatsink mounted on a video card to maximize cooling efficiency of the GPU and surrounding components Commodore 128DCR computer's switch-mode power supply, with a user-installed 60 mm cooling fan.
Other buttons and switches (e.g., power button, laptop lid switch (received from hall sensor)) [2] Controlling access to the A20 line [3] Thermal measurement (CPU, GPU, Motherboard) and response including fan control, CPU and GPU throttling, and emergency shutdown in response to rising temperatures
The reasons given for this approach to power supply are that it eliminates cross-load problems, simplifies and reduces internal wiring that can affect airflow and cooling, reduces costs, increases power supply efficiency, and reduces noise by bringing the power supply fan speed under the control of the motherboard.
MAP sensor data can be converted to air mass data by using a second variable coming from an IAT Sensor (intake air temperature sensor). This is called the speed-density method. Engine speed (RPM) is also used to determine where on a look up table to determine fuelling, hence speed-density (engine speed / air density).