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The glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx or GOD) also known as notatin (EC number 1.1.3.4) is an oxidoreductase that catalyses the oxidation of glucose to hydrogen peroxide and D-glucono-δ-lactone. This enzyme is produced by certain species of fungi and insects and displays antibacterial activity when oxygen and glucose are present.
In the laboratory the source of the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) usually is the reaction of glucose with oxygen in the presence of the enzyme glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) that also takes place in saliva. Glucose, in turn, can be formed from starch in the presence of the saliva enzyme amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3).
An important example is EC 7.1.1.9 cytochrome c oxidase, the key enzyme that allows the body to employ oxygen in the generation of energy and the final component of the electron transfer chain. Other examples are: EC 1.1.3.4 Glucose oxidase; EC 1.4.3.4 Monoamine oxidase; EC 1.14.-.- Cytochrome P450 oxidase; EC 1.6.3.1 NADPH oxidase
A colorless solid, it is an oxidized derivative of glucose. It is typically produced by the aerobic oxidation of glucose in the presence of the enzyme glucose oxidase. The conversion cogenerates hydrogen peroxide, which is often the key product of the enzyme: C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 → C 6 H 10 O 6 + H 2 O 2
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor.
Gluconic acid is typically produced by the aerobic oxidation of glucose in the presence of the enzyme glucose oxidase. The conversion produces gluconolactone and hydrogen peroxide. The lactone spontaneously hydrolyzes to gluconic acid in water. [3] C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 → C 6 H 10 O 6 + H 2 O 2 C 6 H 10 O 6 + H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O 7
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Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an extensively studied flavoenzyme due to its biological importance with the catabolism of norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine. MAO oxidizes primary, secondary and tertiary amines, which nonenzymatically hydrolyze from the imine to aldehyde or ketone .