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The earliest manifestation of student development theory—or tradition—in Europe was in loco parentis. [7] Loosely translated, this concept refers to the manner in which children's schools acted on behalf of and in partnership with parents for the moral and ethical development and improvement of students' character development.
Chickering's Theory of Identity Development, as articulated by Arthur W. Chickering explains the process of identity development. The theory was created specifically to examine the identity development process of students in higher education , but it has been used in other areas as well.
Arthur Chickering is the author of many publications relating to student affairs and college student development theories. These include: Education and Identity (1969, 1993) Commuting Versus Resident Students: Overcoming Educational Inequities of Living Off Campus (1974)
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Humboldt's model was based on two ideas of the Enlightenment: the individual and the world citizen.Humboldt believed that the university (and education in general, as in the Prussian education system) should enable students to become autonomous individuals and world citizens by developing their own powers of reasoning in an environment of academic freedom.
SOTL necessarily builds on many past traditions in higher education, including classroom and program assessment, action research, [3] [4] [5] the reflective practice movement, peer review of teaching, traditional educational research, and faculty development efforts to enhance teaching and learning.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development suggested that some early reflexes are building blocks for infant sensorimotor development. For example, the tonic neck reflex may help development by bringing objects into the infant's field of view.
Student-centered learning environments have been shown to be effective in higher education. [17] They have been defined specifically within higher education as both a mindset and a culture within a given educational institution and as a learning approach broadly related to, and supported by, constructivist theories of learning. They are ...