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The earliest manifestation of student development theory—or tradition—in Europe was in loco parentis. [7] Loosely translated, this concept refers to the manner in which children's schools acted on behalf of and in partnership with parents for the moral and ethical development and improvement of students' character development.
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Arthur Chickering is the author of many publications relating to student affairs and college student development theories. These include: Education and Identity (1969, 1993) Commuting Versus Resident Students: Overcoming Educational Inequities of Living Off Campus (1974)
Chickering's Theory of Identity Development, as articulated by Arthur W. Chickering explains the process of identity development. The theory was created specifically to examine the identity development process of students in higher education , but it has been used in other areas as well.
Humboldt's model was based on two ideas of the Enlightenment: the individual and the world citizen.Humboldt believed that the university (and education in general, as in the Prussian education system) should enable students to become autonomous individuals and world citizens by developing their own powers of reasoning in an environment of academic freedom.
Numerous frameworks are available that describe development and help to organize observations of learning behavior. Intelligence theories date back to the 19th century and the early 20th century, such as Charles Spearman's concept of general intelligence factor, or g. Though there were exceptions (e.g., Thorndike), most theories of intelligence ...
Page:Guidelines for Open Educational Resources (OER) in Higher Education.pdf/29 Usage on pt.wikibooks.org Educação Aberta em cena: propostas estratégicas para criação de políticas de REA na EaD/Educação Aberta e Recursos Educacionais Abertos: conceito características
The use of dynamical systems theory as a framework for the consideration of development began in the early 1990s and has continued into the present. [30] This theory stresses nonlinear connections (e.g., between earlier and later social assertiveness) and the capacity of a system to reorganize as a phase shift that is stage-like in nature.