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At its peak, the Durrani Empire encompassed all of Afghanistan, most of Pakistan and parts of northern India (including Kashmir), northeastern Iran and eastern Turkmenistan. [10] In the second half of the 18th century, the Durrani Empire was the second-largest Muslim empire in the world after the Ottoman Empire. [10] Emirate of Afghanistan ...
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Following Alexander's brief occupation, the successor state of the Seleucid Empire expanded influence on the Pashtuns until 305 BCE when they gave up dominating power to the Indian Maurya Empire as part of an alliance treaty. [159] Some groups from Peshawar and Kandahar believe to be descended from Greeks who arrived with Alexander the Great. [160]
Pashtunistan (Pashto: پښتونستان, lit. 'land of the Pashtuns') [4] or Pakhtunistan is a historical region on the crossroads of Central and South Asia, located on the Iranian Plateau, inhabited by the Pashtun people of southern and eastern Afghanistan [5] and northwestern Pakistan, [6] [7] wherein Pashtun culture, the Pashto language, and identity have been based.
Pashtunization (Pashto: پښتون جوړونه, Dari: پشتونسازی), [1] [2] [3] is a process of cultural or linguistic change in which someone or something non-Pashtun becomes acculturated to Pashtun influence. Pashtuns are the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan and second-largest in Pakistan.
In the Mughal Empire, The Pashtun tribesmen of the Empire were considered the bedrock of the Mughal Army. They were the Empire's northwestern defense from the threat bulwark in the North-West as well as the main fighting force against the rebellions of the Sikhs in the Punjab and the Marathas in the Deccan. The Pashtun revolt in 1672 began ...
The Pashtun tribes (Pashto: ... The Hotak Empire at its peak (1722–1729). It was established by the Hotak-Ghilji clan of the Bettani confederacy, ...
The Pashtun people are classified as an Iranian ethnic group.They are indigenous to southern Afghanistan and western Pakistan. [1] [2] Although a number of theories attempting to explain their ethnogenesis have been put forward, the exact origin of the Pashtun tribes is acknowledged as being obscure. [3]